A Beginner’s Guide to Handguns: Revolvers vs. Pistols
- carolinaconcealeds
- Feb 1
- 4 min read
Updated: Mar 11
If you’re new to firearms and considering a handgun—maybe for self-defense or just to learn—this guide is here to help. Handguns can feel overwhelming with all the options out there, but don’t stress! We’ll simplify the basics, focusing on the two main types: revolvers and pistols. Understanding these will give you a solid starting point, whether you’re browsing online or stepping into a gun shop.
What is the legal definition of a Firearm?
The term "firearm" means (A) any weapon (including a starter gun) which will or is designed to or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive; (B) the frame or receiver of any such weapon; (C) any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; or (D) any destructive device. Such term does not include an antique firearm.
What is the legal definition of a Handgun?
The term "handgun" means (A) a firearm which has a short stock and is designed to be held and fired by the use of a single hand; and (B) any combination of parts from which a firearm described in subparagraph (A) can be assembled.
The Two Main Types of Handguns
If you’re new to guns, revolvers and pistols are what you’ll most likely see in the gun shop. Sure, there are other oddballs—like derringers (tiny, old-school guns) or single-shot handguns (one bullet at a time)—but those are rare and specialized. For practical purposes, revolvers and pistols dominate the shelves and are the best starting point. Here’s the rundown:
Revolvers
How They Work: Revolvers have a spinning cylinder (picture a wheel) that holds 5 to 10 bullets, typically 5-6.. Pull the trigger or cock the hammer, and the cylinder rotates to align a bullet with the barrel—then it fires.
Pros: Simple, reliable, and forgiving. With fewer moving parts, they rarely jam, making them a low-stress choice for beginners.
Cons: Limited ammo (5-8 rounds) and slow reloading—you pop the cylinder open and load bullets one by one.
Best For: Someone who wants straightforward operation and doesn’t mind fewer shots.
Pistols (Semi-Automatics)
How They Work: Pistols use a magazine—a detachable box that slots into the grip—holding 6 to 20+ bullets. Pull the trigger, and it fires a bullet while automatically loading the next one from the magazine.
Pros: Higher capacity, faster shooting, and quick reloads—just swap out the magazine. Great for sustained use.
Cons: More complex, with springs and slides that need regular cleaning to avoid malfunctions.
Best For: Someone who wants versatility and more firepower.
Both are beginner-friendly—it’s about what feels right in your hands. You can try them out later to see what clicks.
Types of Revolvers: External Hammer vs. Internal Hammer
Revolvers come in two styles based on the hammer (the part that strikes to ignite the bullet):
External Hammer: The hammer sticks out on the back. Cock it with your thumb for a lighter trigger pull on the first shot (called single-action) or pull the trigger alone to do both (double-action). It’s classic but can snag on clothing if concealed.
Internal Hammer: No visible hammer—it’s hidden inside. Always double-action (trigger does all the work), it’s smoother for carrying and less likely to catch. The heavier trigger pull adds a safety perk for newbies.
Types of Pistols: Hammer-Fired vs. Striker-Fired
Pistols come in two flavors based on their firing mechanism:
Striker-Fired: No hammer—just a spring-loaded pin inside. The trigger pull is consistent every time, making it predictable and easy to learn. Brands like Glock love this design.
Hammer-Fired: Features a visible hammer you can cock. First shot might be a heavy double-action pull, but follow-ups are lighter single-action shots. It’s traditional but takes practice to master the shift.
If this feels like a lot, don’t worry—you’ll get the hang of it with time and hands-on experience.
Just Remember
Revolvers: Simpler, fewer bullets—perfect if you value ease over capacity.
Pistols: More ammo, faster shooting—great if you want versatility.
Try both at a shop or range to see what suits you.
Caliber (Bullet Size)
Handguns fire different bullet sizes, called calibers, which affect power and recoil. Common ones for beginners:
.22 LR: Tiny, low recoil—perfect for learning to shoot.
9mm: Popular for pistols—balanced power and manageable kick.
.38 Special: Common for revolvers—easy to handle.
.45 ACP: Bigger, more stopping power, but more recoil. Start small (like .22 or 9mm) to build confidence before stepping up.
Action Types
Single-Action: You cock the hammer manually before each shot (lighter trigger).
Double-Action: Trigger cocks and fires in one pull (heavier but safer). Pistols often blend these—hammer-fired models might switch modes, while striker-fired stay consistent.
Size Matters
Full-Size: Bigger grip and barrel—easier to shoot accurately but harder to conceal.
Compact/Subcompact: Smaller, lighter—great for carrying but trickier to control. Try different sizes to match your needs (home defense vs. concealed carry).
Sights and Grips
Sights: Dots or notches on the barrel to aim. Some glow for low light—handy for self-defense.
Grips: The handle’s feel. Rubber or textured grips help with control; pick what fits your hand.
Always follow the 4 universal safety rules:
Treat every firearm as if it’s loaded.
Never point the muzzle at anything you’re not willing to destroy.
Keep your finger off the trigger until you’re ready to shoot.
Know your target and what’s behind it.
Following these rules ensures that you and those around you stay safe at all times.
Firearm safety is a mindset: there are no accidents, only preventable mistakes. Equip yourself with tools like gun safes, cable locks, gun flags, or first aid gear from our Shop to eliminate negligence. Ready to master this?
Next Steps
Join a class today - Current Classes.
Ready to explore in person? Check out Your First Trip to a Gun Shop: A Step-by-Step Guide for a roadmap to your first visit.